What Does a Crime Scene Cleaner Do
Crime scene cleaning, also known as biohazard remediation or forensic cleaning, is a specialized profession that involves cleaning, sanitizing, and restoring locations where traumatic events have occurred. This includes crime scenes, accidents, suicides, unattended deaths, hoarding situations, and other events that leave behind biohazardous materials such as blood, bodily fluids, and tissue.
Crime scene cleaners are called in after law enforcement and medical personnel have completed their work. The cleaner's job is to return the scene to a safe, habitable condition. This involves removing all biohazardous materials, decontaminating surfaces, eliminating odors, and sometimes removing and replacing structural elements like carpet, drywall, or flooring that have been permanently contaminated.
It is important to understand that this is not a job for the faint of heart. Crime scene cleaners regularly encounter disturbing and emotionally challenging scenes. However, for those with the right temperament and dedication, it can be a rewarding career that provides an essential service to communities and helps families begin the healing process after traumatic events.
Education and Training Requirements
Unlike many specialized professions, crime scene cleaning does not require a specific college degree. However, there are several educational paths and training requirements that will prepare you for the career and make you more competitive in the job market.
High School Diploma or GED: This is the minimum educational requirement for most crime scene cleaning positions. A background in biology, chemistry, or health sciences can be helpful but is not required.
OSHA Training: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration provides training courses that are essential for crime scene cleaners. OSHA 10-hour and 30-hour general industry training courses cover workplace safety standards, hazard recognition, and proper use of personal protective equipment. Many employers require OSHA certification before hiring.
Bloodborne Pathogen Training: This specialized training covers the proper handling, cleanup, and disposal of blood and other potentially infectious materials. It is mandated by OSHA under the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard and is essential for anyone working with biohazardous materials. Training typically covers the types of bloodborne pathogens, proper personal protective equipment usage, decontamination procedures, and emergency protocols.
Hazardous Waste Operations Training: Known as HAZWOPER, this training is required for workers who are exposed to hazardous substances. The 40-hour HAZWOPER course covers hazardous material identification, risk assessment, protective equipment, and decontamination procedures. An 8-hour annual refresher course is also required to maintain certification.
Required Certifications and Licenses
Several certifications can enhance your credibility and career prospects in crime scene cleaning.
The American Bio Recovery Association (ABRA) offers certification programs specifically for biohazard remediation professionals. Their Bio Recovery Technician certification is widely recognized in the industry and demonstrates competency in biohazard cleanup procedures, safety protocols, and regulatory compliance.
Some states require specific licenses for biohazard remediation companies. Research the requirements in your state, as regulations vary. Some states require a general contractor's license, while others have specific biohazard remediation licenses. Additionally, you may need a hazardous waste transportation permit if you will be transporting biohazardous materials to disposal facilities.
Essential Skills for the Job
Beyond formal education and certifications, several personal qualities and skills are essential for success in crime scene cleaning.
Emotional Resilience: Crime scene cleaners must be able to work in emotionally challenging environments without becoming overwhelmed. Exposure to traumatic scenes, dealing with grieving families, and working in disturbing conditions are regular parts of the job. Developing healthy coping mechanisms and having access to mental health support is crucial.
Attention to Detail: Thorough cleaning and decontamination require meticulous attention to detail. Missing even a small area of contamination can pose health risks and create legal liability. Crime scene cleaners must be systematic and thorough in their approach.
Physical Stamina: The job often requires heavy lifting, extended periods of physical labor, and working in uncomfortable conditions such as confined spaces or extreme temperatures. Good physical fitness is important.
Communication Skills: Crime scene cleaners interact with law enforcement, property managers, insurance companies, and grieving families. The ability to communicate professionally and compassionately is essential.
Salary and Job Outlook
Crime scene cleaning can be a lucrative career, particularly for those willing to be on call and handle difficult situations. Entry-level crime scene cleaners typically earn between $35,000 and $50,000 per year. Experienced cleaners with certifications and specialized training can earn $50,000 to $80,000 or more. Those who start their own biohazard remediation companies can potentially earn six-figure incomes, though this also comes with the costs and responsibilities of business ownership.
The job outlook for crime scene cleaners is generally positive. The Bureau of Labor Statistics groups this profession under hazardous materials removal workers, which is projected to grow at a rate of about 7 percent over the next decade. Additionally, as awareness of biohazard risks increases and regulations become stricter, the demand for properly trained and certified crime scene cleaners is expected to continue growing.
How to Get Started
If you are interested in becoming a crime scene cleaner, start by obtaining your OSHA and bloodborne pathogen certifications. Look for entry-level positions with established biohazard remediation companies in your area, as on-the-job training is invaluable in this field. Network with law enforcement, funeral homes, and property management companies, as these are common referral sources for crime scene cleaning services. Consider joining professional organizations like ABRA for networking, continuing education, and credibility. And finally, invest in your mental health from the start by establishing relationships with counselors or support groups that specialize in helping first responders and trauma-exposed professionals.
